Updated

Ukraine's General Staff recorded 189 combat engagements along the front line over the 24 hours to October 28, with Russian forces exerting the most pressure in the Pokrovsk direction. Ukrinform reported that Ukrainian defence forces repelled 42 attacks there. Ukrainska Pravda reported 18 Russian attacks on the Kostiantynivka front and nine on the Huliaipole front during the same period.